Successful solo artists are twice as likely to die early compared to those in bands, BBC News reported citing the journal BMJ Open.

The study looked at the careers of 1,400 European and North American rock and pop stars who were famous between 1956 and 2006. The chances of a European solo artist dying young was one in 10 - and twice as likely for those in North America.

Experts suggest that peer support from band mates may be protective.

The cut-off point of the study was February 20, 2012 - at which point 137 performers had died prematurely. These included solo artists like Elvis, Jimi Hendrix, rapper 2Pac, Michael Jackson, Amy Winehouse and Whitney Houston.

And band members like Kurt Cobain from Nirvana, Sid Vicious from the punk group Sex Pistols and Stuart Cable from Stereophonics.

The stars' achievements were determined from international polls and top 40 chart successes, while details of their personal lives and childhoods were drawn from a range of music and official websites, published biographies and anthologies.

The average age of death was 39 years for European stars, with those from North America being six years older on average.

Solo performers were about twice as likely to die prematurely compared to those in a band, irrespective of whether they were European or Northern American.

And while the chances of a European solo artist dying young was one in 10 - it was double that for American solo artists at one in five. The authors speculate this may be due to longer tours in North America plus variations in access to health care and exposure to drugs.

Honey Langcaster-James, a psychologist who specializes in celebrity behavior, believes the support of a band may be protective.

The study also found that while gender and the age at which fame was reached did not influence life expectancy, ethnicity did - with those from non-white backgrounds more likely to die early.

And those that died of drug and alcohol problems were more likely to have had difficult or abusive childhood than those dying of other causes.

The authors of the study, from Liverpool and Manchester, suggest that a music career may be attractive to those escaping an unhappy childhood, but it may also provide the wealth and access to feed a predisposition to unhealthy and risky behavior.